Council on Foreign Relations Secretaries of State
According to "The Art and Science of Psychological Operations, Department of the Army Pamphlet No. 525-7-1",
"Although the president has the overall responsibility for the foreign policy of the United States, the secretary of state is his principal foreign policy advisor and has responsibility for the execution of foreign policy in accordance with approved policy. The secretary of state also has full authority and responsibility for the overall direction, coordination, and supervision of interdepartmental activities of the US Government overseas...
In providing overall foreign policy guidance, the State Department also coordinates and supervises US resources in the conduct of propaganda and political warfare. The US information agency conducts mass communications and provides policy guidance on the conduct of Psychological Operations (PSYOPs) in accordance with the basic foreign policy guidance it receives from the State Department...
Five assistant secretaries direct the activities of the geographic bureaus. For the countries within his geographical area, each assistant secretary has the primary responsibility to keep the secretary of state informed of important developments, to advise the secretary in formulation of US policies, to guide the operations of the US diplomatic establishments, and to direct, coordinated and supervise interdepartmental and interagency matters....
Each assistant secretary is aided by country directors within his bureau who are responsible for the overall guidance and interdepartmental coordination with respect to their assigned countries. Country directors are the single focal point in Washington serving the needs of the US ambassadors. They work closely with "country teams" in US missions abroad to insure that all elements of a mission in a given country jointly pursue US foreign Policy Directives...PSYOP matters are handled between the regional or country directors or desk officers and the various embassies."1
On 20 June 1951, Harry Truman created a Governmental agency called the Psychological Strategy Board, to coordinate Psychological operations. The Psychological Strategy Board was composed of, the (1) Undersecretary of State, (2) the Deputy Secretary of Defense, (3) Director of Central Intelligence (4) a representative of the Joint Chiefs of Staff (5) an appropriate representative or head of any department or agency of the Government determined by the Board. On Thursday 26 July 1951, President Truman would tell the press that the Psychological Strategy Board was a part of the Central Intelligence Agency.
The Council on Foreign Relations evolved from a secret society founded by Cecil Rhodes. The organizational plan provided for an inner circle called "The Society of the Elect." The inner circle planned psycho-political operations. Key parts in the operation were played by members of a larger outer circle, "The Association of Helpers." By withholding the nature of the operation from "The Association of Helpers," Secret Society members could deny participating in the operation, and Rhodes Secret Society sponsorship of the operation could be kept secret.
Operations planned and executed to conceal the identity of the sponsor are called covert operations. They differ from clandestine operations in that emphasis is placed on concealment of identity of sponsor rather than on concealment of the operation. The Council on Foreign Relations, Royal Institute of International Affairs, and their branch organizations in other nations operate in the same manner to this day.
Council on Foreign Relations member Gordon Gray proposed the Psychological Strategy Board. Council on Foreign Relations member, Henry Kissinger, paid political consultant to the Rockefeller family, was Gray's consultant. Gray and Kissinger sat on the Psychological Strategy Board. The Psychological Strategy board was intimately related to the National Security Council. Many National Security Council members were also members of the Psychological Strategy Board and the Council on Foreign Relations. The Psychological Strategy Board was like the Rhodes's Secret Society inner circle "The Society of the Elect."
The Psychological Strategy Board coordinated well planned psycho-political operations scripted by Council on Foreign Relations members in the State Department. The group contributed to the psycho-political operation by maintaining close relations with key policy-making groups, attending meetings of the National Security Council, and keeping in close touch with members of the President's cabinet. Group members would influence key individuals to act to achieve the desired outcome of the planned military, economic , and diplomatic action . Group members would monitor and report problems as they emerged and help to devise and implement ways to overcome the problem. The group would devise ways and means of manipulating the public, Congress, and Government personnel, from the President on down, to to accept the desired policy and avoid its being set back by off-the-cuff and ill-timed remarks of prominent citizens, or public disapproval. The policy was designed to maximize profits of Council on Foreign Relations controlled medicine, media, munitions, energy, banking and food industries by maintaining the largest military industrial complex in peace time history. Policy designed to maximize the advantages of a small group of people belonging to the Council on Foreign Relations were rarely in the best interest of the American Public.
In 1953 President Eisenhower commissioned the Jackson committee. Its mission was to study psychological warfare and propaganda. The Jackson Committee worked with the Hickenlooper Committee, who ran the Overseas Information Programs. The Hickenlooper Committees staff came from the Department of State, Department of Defense, Central Intelligence Agency, Mutual Security Agency, and Office of Defense Mobilization.Council on Foreign Relations member Abbott Washburn served as Executive Secretary of the Hickenlooper Committee. Council on Foreign Relations member Gordon Gray , architect of the Psychological Strategy Board, was a member of the Jackson committee.
The Jackson committee recommended abolishing the Psychological Strategy Board, establishing the Operations Coordinating Board, and creating an information program to influence people throughout the world. President Eisenhower described the Hickenlooper/Jackson recommendations as "the reconstitution and revitalization of the National Security Council," The Jackson Committees' report explained, "In reality, there is a "psychological" aspect or implication to every diplomatic, economic, or military policy and action. This implication should receive more careful attention, both in the planning and execution stage of policy... Every significant act of virtually every department and agency of Government has its effect, either positively or negatively, in the global struggle for freedom. The important task is to build awareness throughout the entire Government of the impact of day-to-day governmental actions and to coordinate and time such actions so as to derive from them the maximum advantages."
The Jackson committee's Top Secret report identified and isolated a new enemy - the Russians. The report accused the Soviet union of being a danger to the rest of the western allies. The report advocated a build up of weapons by the allies to intimidate the Russians. The report advocated the use of propaganda, psychological warfare, and a need for secrecy. When an uneasy press questioned the US government "the official spokesman explained that this was part of the cold war strategy and had to be classified.."
The Operations Coordinating Board was a super-powered Psychological Strategy board, with a name that would arouse less public curiosity, and a built in propaganda machine, the United States Information Agency. Operations Coordinating Board members usually belonged to the Council on Foreign Relations. The Operations Coordinating board was created in 1953 by Eisenhower's Presidential Executive Order 10483. It stated
"the Operations Coordinating Board shall (1) Whenever the President shall hereafter so direct, advise the agencies concerned as to... the execution of each security action or project so that it shall make its full contribution to the attainment of national security objective views and to the particular climate of opinion the United States is seeking to achieve in the world, and (2) initiate new proposals for action within the framework of national security policies in response to opportunity and changes in the situation... "
"[Section 1 E. O. 10483] (b) "The Board shall have as members the following: (1) The Under Secretary of State, who shall represent the Secretary of State and shall be the chairman of the Board. (2) The Deputy Secretary of Defense, show shall represent the Secretary of Defense. (3) the Director of the Foreign Operations Administration (4) the Director of Central Intelligence, and (5) a representative of the President to be designated by the President. Each head of agency referred to in items (1) to (4), inclusive, in this section 1 (b) may provide for an alternate member representing the agency concerned when such regular member is for reasons beyond his control unable to attend any meeting of the Board; and any alternate member shall while serving as such have in all respects the same status as a member of the Board as does the regular member in lieu of whom he serves.
[Section 1 E. O. 10483] (c) The head of any agency (other than any agency represented under section 1 (b) hereof) to which the President from time to time assigns responsibilities for the implementation of national security policies, shall assign a representative to serve on the Board when the Board is dealing with subjects bearing directly upon the responsibilities of such head. Each such representative shall be an Under Secretary or corresponding official and when so serving such representative shall have the same status on the Board as the members provided for in the said section 1 (b).
[Section 1 E. O. 10483] (d) The Special Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs my attend any meeting of the Board. The Director of the United States Information Agency [USIA] shall advise the Board at its request. "
On 19 February 1961, President John F. Kennedy issued a Statement abolishing the Operations Coordinating Board. After being abolished the Operations Coordinating Board continued operations as an ad hoc committee called the "Special Group." The "Special Group" wasn't created by executive order and can't be abolished.
The Council on Foreign Relations was formally established in 1920. Since 1920 there have been 22 Secretaries of State, at least 18 have been Council on Foreign Relations members. A list of Secretaries of State indicating Council on Foreign Relations membership follows:
appointed Jan. 1997 second term of Council on Foreign Relations member Clinton administration
Council on Foreign Relations member Albright, Madeleine K. Appointed US Secretary of State during second term of Clinton administration, Jan 1997. US Permanent Representative to the United Nations, 1993-1997.
appointed 1993 first term of Council on Foreign Relations member Clinton administration
Council on Foreign Relations member Christopher, Warren M. US Secretary of State during first term of Clinton administration. Appointed to office in 1993. Succeeded by Madeleine Albright.
appointed 1989 Council on Foreign Relations member Bush administration
Council on Foreign Relations member Baker, James A., III Appointed US Secretary of State in 1989 (Bush administration)
appointed 1989 Council on Foreign Relations member Bush administration (George H.W. Bush directed the Council on Foreign Relations from 1977-79 . Bush also belonged to the Trilateral Commission)
Council on Foreign Relations member Eagleburger, Lawrence S. Appointed US Secretary of State in 1989 (Bush administration)
appointed 1982 Reagan administration
Council on Foreign Relations member Shultz, George P..
appointed 1981 Reagan administration
Council on Foreign Relations member Haig, Alexander M., Jr.
appointed 1980 Council on Foreign Relations member Carter administration
Council on Foreign Relations member Muskie, Edmund S.
appointed 1977 Council on Foreign Relations member Carter administration
Council on Foreign Relations member Vance, Cyrus R.
appointed 1973 Nixon administration & 1974 Council on Foreign Relations member Ford Administration
Council on Foreign Relations member Kissinger, Henry A..
appointed 1969 Nixon administration
Council on Foreign Relations member Rogers, William P. .
appointed 1961 Kennedy administration & 1963 L.B. Johnson administration
Council on Foreign Relations member Rusk, Dean
appointed 1959 Council on Foreign Relations member Eisenhower administration
Council on Foreign Relations member Herter, Christian A.
appointed 1953 Council on Foreign Relations member Eisenhower administration ( in 1958 Eisenhower chaired a Council on Foreign Relations study to monitor the European aid program )
Council on Foreign Relations member Dulles, John Foster .
appointed 1949 Truman administration
Council on Foreign Relations member Achenson, Dean G.
appointed 1947-49 Truman administration
Marshall, George C. General of the Army and U.S. Army Chief of Staff during World War II (1 Sep 1939 - 18 Nov 1945) and later U.S. Secretary of State (1947-49) and Secretary of Defense (1950-51). The European Recovery Program known as the Marshall Plan was designed by the Council on Foreign Relations. The American public was manipulated into accepting the plan. Two key players in the Marshall Plan Psycho-political operation were Council on Foreign Relations members Walter Lippmann and George Kennan. Marshall received the Nobel Prize for Peace in 1953.
appointed 1945 Truman administration & 1944 F.D. Roosevelt administration
Council on Foreign Relations member (since 1938) Stettinius, Edward R., Jr.
appointed 1945 Truman administration
Byrnes, James F..
appointed 1933 F. D. Roosevelt administration
Council on Foreign Relations member Hull, Cordell.
appointed 1929 Hoover administration
Council on Foreign Relations member Stimson, Henry L..
appointed 1925 Coolidge administration &1929 Hoover administration.
Kellogg, Frank B.
appointed 1921 Harding administration & 1923 Coolidge administration.
Council on Foreign Relations member Hughes, Charles E.
appointed US Secretary of State in 1920 Wilson administration
Colby, Bainbridge
appointed US Secretary of State in 1915 Wilson administration
Lansing, Robert.
appointed US Secretary of State in 1913 Wilson administration
Bryan, William J.
appointed.in 1909 Taft administration & 1913 Wilson administration
Knox, Philander C.
appointed.in 1909 during the T. Roosevelt and Taft administrations
Bacon, Robert
appointed 1905 during the T. Roosevelt administration
[ First Council on Foreign Relations President - 1920 ] Root, Elihu.
appointed US Secretary of State in 1898 McKinley administration & 1901 T. Roosevelt administration
Hay, John
appointed US Secretary of State in 898 during the McKinley administration
Day, William R.
appointed US Secretary of State in 1897 during the McKinley administration
Sherman, John
appointed US Secretary of State in 1895 Cleveland administration & 1897 McKinley administration
Olney, Richard
appointed US Secretary of State in 1893 during Cleveland administration
Gresham, Walter Q.
appointed US Secretary of State in 1892 during the B. Harrison administration
Foster, John W.
appointed US Secretary of State in Garfield & Arthur administrations & in 1889 B. Harrison administration
Blaine, James G..
appointed US Secretary of State in 1885 Cleveland administration & 1889 B.Harrison administration)
Bayard, Thomas F.
appointed US Secretary of State in 1881 Arthur administration & 1885 Cleveland administration
Frelinghuysen, F. T.
appointed US Secretary of State in 1877 Hayes administration & 1881 (Garfield administration)
Evarts, William M.
appointed US Secretary of State in 1869 Grant administration & 1877 Hayes administration
Fish, Hamilton Appointed
appointed 1869 during Grant administration
Washburne, Elihu B.
appointed US Secretary of State in 1860 Buchanan administration & 1861 Lincoln administration
Black, Jeremiah S..
appointed US Secretary of State in 1857 during Buchanan administration
Cass, Lewis
appointed US Secretary of State in 1852 during Fillmore administration
Everett, Edward
appointed US Secretary of State in 1849 and 1850 during the Taylor & Fillmore administrations
Clayton, John M
appointed US Secretary of State in 1845 Polk administration & 1849 Taylor administration)
Buchanan, James US Pres., 4 Mar 1857
appointed US Secretary of State in 1861 Lincoln administration & 1865 A.Johnson administration)
Seward, William H.
appointed US Secretary of State in 1853 Pierce administration &1857 Buchanan administration
Marcy, William L..
appointed US Secretary of State in 1844 Tyler administration & in 1845 Polk administration
Calhoun, John C..
appointed US Secretary of State in 1843 during Tyler administration.
Upshur, Abel P.
appointed US Secretary of State in 1841 during W. H. Harrison and Tyler administrations, and again in 1850 during the Fillmore administration
Webster, Daniel.
appointed US Secretary of State in 1834 during Jackson administration and in 1837 during Van Buren administration
Forsyth, John
appointed US Secretary of State in 1833 during Jackson administration
McLane, Louis
appointed US Secretary of State in 1831 during Jackson administration
Livingston, Edward
appointed US Secretary of State in 1829 during Jackson administration
Van Buren, Martin US Pres., 4 Mar 1837
appointed US Secretary of State in 1817 during Monroe administration
Adams, John Quincy US Pres., 4 Mar 1825
appointed US Secretary of State in 1825 during John Q. Adams administration
Clay, Henry
appointed US Secretary of State in 1811 during Madison administration
Monroe, James US Pres., 4 Mar 1817
appointed US Secretary of State in 1809 during Madison administration
Smith, Robert
appointed US Secretary of State in 1801 during Jefferson's administration
Madison, James
appointed US Secretary of State in 1789 during Washington's administration
Jefferson, Thomas
appointed US Secretary of State in 1800 during John Adams' administration
Marshall, John
appointed US Secretary of State in 1794 during Washington's administration
Randolph, Edmund
appointed US Secretary of State in 1795 Washington's administration and in 1797 John Adams' administration
Pickering, Timothy
Should appointed officials belonging to an organization whose members are closely connected with industries that profit from war be making decisions that will send American Troops into battle? Are peacekeeping operations designed to maximize Council on Foreign Relations controlled munition, medicine, media, food, banking and energy industry profits? Are terrorist organizations at home and abroad being infiltrated, financed, and manipulated into carrying out a biological or nuclear attack on Americans as part of a new Council on Foreign Relations psycho-political operation to provide a new enemy Americans can hate, loath, and will willingly go to war against?
Isn't it time Congress Investigated the Council on Foreign Relations?
roundtable
[1] Headquarters Department of the Army, DA Pam 525-7-2, Pamphlet No. 725-7-2, The Art and Science of Psychological Operations: Case Studies of Military Application, Washington, DC 1 April 1976
(this article is posted on the RoundTable website at: http://www.geocities.com/CapitolHill/2807/wwcfrsos.html )
Title-50 War and National Defense § 783 states - "It shall be unlawful for any person knowingly to combine, conspire, or agree with any other person to perform any act which would substantially contribute to the establishment within the United States of a totalitarian dictatorship, the direction and control of which is to be vested in, or exercised by or under the domination of control of, any foreign government."
The Council on Foreign Relations are in violation of Title-50 War and National Defense § 783. The Council on Foreign Relations has unlawfully and knowingly combined, conspired, and agreed to substantially contribute to the establishment of one world order under the totalitarian dictatorship, the direction and the control of members of Council on Foreign Relations, the Royal Institute of International Affairs, and members of their branch organizations in various nations throughout the world. That is totalitarianism on a global scale.